May 31, 2010
U.S. Cyclical Indicators

Leading Indicators

  • Average weekly hours, manufacturing
  • Average weekly initial claims for unemployment insurance (ruh-roh, America)
  • Manufacturers’ new orders, consumer goods and materials
  • Vendor performance, slower deliveries diffusion index
  • Manufacturers’ new orders, non-defense capital goods
  • Building permits, new private housing units
  • Stock prices
  • Money supply, M2
  • Interest rate spread, 10-year T-bonds less federal funds
  • Index of consumer expectations

Coincident Index

  • Employees on non-agricultural payrolls
  • Personal income less transfer payments (this number is negative in Amerika!)
  • Industrial production
  • Manufacturing and trade sales

Lagging Index

  • Average duration of unemployment
  • Inventories to sales ratio, manufacturing and trade
  • Labor cost per unit of output, manufacturing
  • Average prime rate
  • Commercial and industrial loans
  • Consumer installment credit to personal income ratio (5.0)
  • Consumer price index for services

When in doubt, pick leading.  It’s lagging if knowing it would be material non-public info!

May 31, 2010
The Business Cycle

Initial Recovery

  • Duration of a few months
  • Business confidence is rising
  • Government stimulation is provided by low interest rates and/or budget deficits (OBAMA!)
  • Falling inflation
  • Low or falling short-term interest rates
  • Bond yields have bottomed out
  • Rising stock prices

Early Expansion

  • Duration of a year to several years
  • Increasing growth with low inflation
  • Increasing confidence
  • Increasing inventories
  • Rising short-term interest rates
  • Flat or rising bond yields
  • Rising stock prices

Late Expansion

  • Confidence and employment are high
  • Inflation increases
  • Central bank limits the growth of the money supply (yeah, right)
  • Rising short-term interest rates
  • Rising bond yields
  • Rising stock prices, but risk increases with investor nervousness

Slowdown

  • Duration of a few months to a year or longer
  • Declining confidence
  • Inflation still rising
  • Falling inventory levels
  • Short-term interest rates at a peak
  • Bond yields have peaked and may be falling
  • Falling stock prices

Recession

  • Duration of six months to a year or the entire Obama presidency
  • Large declines in inventory
  • Declining confidence and profits
  • Inflation tops out
  • Falling short-term interest rates
  • Falling bond yields
  • Stock prices increase in later stages

What an arbitrary predicting-the-past concept.

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May 30, 2010
Benchmark Criteria

A valid benchmark should meet the following criteria:

samurai

  1. Specified in advance
  2. Appropriate
  3. Measurable
  4. Unambiguous
  5. Reflect current investment options
  6. Accountable
  7. Investable

May 30, 2010
Managed Futures as an Alternative Investment

There are two major reasons to add managed futures to a diversified portfolio:

  1. Historical low correlation with bonds and equities, which dominate most portfolios
  2. Managed futures are very liquid while providing easy leverage

May 30, 2010
Vetting an Active Manager

The eight major due diligence criteria when vetting an active manager:

  1. Determine persistence of market opportunities
  2. Evaluate manager investment policies
  3. Evaluate the organization
  4. Evaluate personnel
  5. Evaluate terms of the deal
  6. Evaluate manager’s service providers
  7. Read and understand all contract documents
  8. Maintain written records of all of the preceding points

May 29, 2010
Excess Return from International Bond Investing

The six sources of excess return from international bond investing are:

  1. Duration management
  2. Credit management
  3. Market selection
  4. Currency management
  5. Sector selection
  6. Selecting bonds outside the benchmark

May 29, 2010
Pension Fund Risk Tolerance

The five principal characteristics of pension fund risk tolerance are:

  1. Plan Surplus
  2. Workforce characteristics
  3. Stability and profitability of sponsor
  4. Overlapping risk exposures between sponsor and plan
  5. Plan features

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